Media Influence On Public Policy Essay -- politics, government

Policymaking is a governmental process which is affected by several(a) social and economic factors (Hofferbert, 1974) and media systems play an integral role in shaping the social context in which policies are developed. Through the media, citizens learn how government policies forget affect them, and governments gain feedback on their policies and programs. Media systems act as the primary channels between those who might want to influence policy and the policymakers controlling the scope of political discourse and regulating the flow of information. Textbook policymaking follows an orderly sequence where problems are identified, solutions devised, policies adopted, implemented, and lastly evaluated (Mazamanian & Sabatier, 1989). In reality, the policy process is more fluid, where policies are formed through the struggle of ideas of various advocacy coalitions (Sabatier, 1991) in what has been described as a policy primeval soup (Kingdon, 1995). The policies, on which the medi a focuses can, and often does, play an important objet dart in determining the focal issues for policymakers.One of the fundamental roles of the media in a liberal democracy is to critically scrutinise governmental affairs that is to act as a watchdog of government to ensure that the government can be held accountable by the public. However, the systematic deregulation of media systems worldwide is diminishing the ability of citizens to meaningfully participate in policymaking process governing the media (McChesney, 2003, p. 126). The relaxation of monomania rules and control, has resulted in a move away from diversity of production to a situation where media ownership is becoming increasing concentrated by just a few predominantly western global conglomerates (M... ... small media reforms (like public journalism) will be copious to reduce the commercial and corporate imperatives driving our existing media systems (Hackett and Zhao, 1998, p. 235). Instead, a fundamental reform o f the entire system is needed, together with a wider institutional reform of the really structures the media systems work within, our democracies. This will be a difficult delegate, due to powerful vested interests benefiting from the status quo, including media, political and economic elites. Reforms will need to be driven by campaigns mobilising public support across the political spectrum, to enable the citizens of the world to have a media system that works to strengthen democratic principles as opposed to undermining them. This task is challenging, but it will become easier once people begin to understand the medias role in policymaking within our democracies.

The Man Behind Hubble: Bob Williams :: Shuttle Astronomy Space Essays

The Man Behind Hubble Bob Williams Four weeks after space-walking shuttle Endeavour astronauts repaired the Hubble Space Telescope in December 1993, an ecstatic Maryland Senator Barbara Mikulski waved a Hubble picture of the core of the spiral galaxy M100 at her naysaying colleagues. Today, Mikulski could host a Capitol Hill star party The orbiting telescope has generated more than 100,000 photos of celestial objects, including a burying ground of dying stars, elephant trunks of dust and hydrogen gas twisting in the Eagle Nebula, jovian storms and aurorae, the rocky rings of Saturn and the colossal supernova smoke rings winded from an exploded star, to list a few. Hubbles pictures do double duty not only as congressional lobbying props, but also as screen savers, jersey prints, calendar photos, a background for the Babylon 5 science fiction TV series and even planet trading cards to be provided soon to schoolchildren. matchless of the most electrifying pictures of all, the Hubble oceanic abyss case image began literally as a shot in the dark the sum of 342 exposures taken with Hubbles Wide knowledge domain and Planetary Camera 2 in December 1995 of a black speck of northern sky. Although the Shoemaker-Levy 9 comet impact on Jupiter may have generated a bigger media splash, astronomers still are agog oer the Deep Field. Aides to Vice President Al Gore ordered a Deep Field poster from the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI), which manages the Hubbles science program under contract with NASA. Borrowing a page from Mikulski, Gore plans to use the Deep Field poster to promote scientific research in the next millennium. In an age of cost-cutting and smaller-is-preferred, the $3 billion Hubble has demonstrated that bigger can be better The telescope attracted 1,298 proposals for observing time during its next annual cycle that began in July, an increase of 30 percent from the previous cycle and more than had been veritable by any other U.S. telescope or N ASA project. Ever. A driving force behind Hubbles scientific mission, particularly the Deep Field, is astronomer Bob Williams, 56, who took over as director of the STScI a few months before the 1993 repair mission. Like Hubble itself, Williams began his astronomy career with high promise, then was written off as miss focus. Both have rebounded spectacularly. Williams is admired as an articulate champion of astronomy with a penchant for accomplishment. There is not a devious molecule in his body, says Ray Weymann, an astronomer at the Carnegie Observatories in Pasadena, California, who spent many nights collaborating with Williams in the quiet and darkness of telescope towers.

Industrial Music :: essays research papers

Industrial MusicRock and roll is dead. Its a fact. During the eighties romp of technoand fashion bands, people forgot all rough it. In the late eighties and earlynineties alternate(a) music tried to save rock and roll, but it was too big of acategory. If a band didnt sing country or rap, they were consideredalternative. Every alternative band had their own idea of music, and it allspread apart, running farther away from rock. Finally, when alternative becamemore defined and broke off into categories, one specific type of alternativeoffspring, industrial music, made the best attempt in a ten-spot to revive thelong forgotten era of rock and roll. The only problem with this new rock isthat it was angered from being forgotten for over a decennium and now its back,filled with angst and hatred. Industrial music has weaved rock and roll withevil and misery.The founder and leader of the industrial revolution is the band Nine InchNails. virtually people do not classify Nine Inch Nails as a band though. Thewriter, producer, lead vocalist, keyboarder and guitarist of the band is TrentReznor. For the past two years, Trent has been the creative person of the year in Spinmagazine and NIN has been the number two band of the year. In 1994, Nine InchNails was announced MTVs band of the year. This was a great remark because MTVspends most of its time with rap and hip-hop. When NINs first album came outin 1989, it was mostly rock and roll with a techno twist, containing songs fullof depressing, suicidal lyrics. Then as the next two albums arose, Trentbecame more evil with his music, using machines and pretty much anything hecould find that would make his music fundamental angered and irritated. This hard,twisted music, plump for up by words of pure hatred started the industrial ballrolling.One band that has tried to lighten up industrial just a tad is KMFDM, aGerman industrial band. The band name stands for Klein Mitlied Fuhr DasMerhiet, which is Little pity for the tyra nny. Instead of using the suicidal,evil lyrics, KMFDM has used their music as more of a philosophicalcommunication. They sing about how screwed up they think the world is and howmuch we are controlled by people we didnt know existed. The lyrics may sounddepressing still, but the music is a little more upbeat. KMFDM got rid of thetortured machine sounds and added horns and synthesizers, making the musicsound more digital and little like grinding gears.

Economic Impact Analysis on a High-Speed Railway System for Central Flo

Economic Impact Analysis on a postgraduate- hurrying Railway System for Central Florida access fast rail line (HRL) systems have been used primarily over in such countries as Japan since 1964 and France since 1984. Recently the United States has generated interest in the fast railway system as well. The proposed system would stretch from Miami through Orlando and end in the St. Petersburg/Tampa area. With bullet trains operating at top speeds of 220 miles an hour, the express travel time from business district Miami to Orlando would persuade approximately 2.5 hours. Intercity travelers (trips between metropolitan regions) along with longer-distance commuters would enjoy the benefits of a system designed to connect with existing rail, business, and highway systems.The strategy behind the high-speed railway system would be to relieve highway congestion, air traffic congestion, and help reduce the necessity of expansion of highways and air systems (which is limited due to the so ftness to hit new air space). Also, with this type of system (this system works on magnetic levitation), you would have a significant reduction in air befoulment that would result as high-speed captures a large portion of the intercity travel market from automobiles and airlines.ContextTampaThe chosen locations for the high-speed railway will be three different cities, Miami, Orlando, and Tampa/St.Petersburg area. The economic and industrial structures for Tampa has created more than 22,000 jobs May 2004, ranking the area 1 in Florida and among the best in the nation for job growth. argument gains in the region were largely in professional and occupation services. Florida is creating jobs faster than any other state in the nation, adding 171,800 jobs from May 2003 to May 2004.Tampa/Hillsborough County with its dynamic and electropositive business climate is one of the leading business locations in the world. As the economic hub of Hillsborough County and the Tampa Bay region, Tampa enjoys ongoing and remark commensurate job growth, affordable business and vitality costs, an able and abundant workforce, excellent educational opportunities, and unmatched weather and amenities. Service, retail, finance, insurance, and real estate sectors lead regional industry. Bioscience and other high-tech industries are expanding, thank in part to research at university and college campuses throughout the area. Manu... ...rkforce.Reference1Keating, O. (2004). Are High Speed Trains are the best form of transport for Consumers and ball club? Retrieved April 16, 2005, from http//www.o-keating.com/hsr/best.htm 2City Overviews (2004). Socio-economic overview. Retrieved on April 16, 2005, from http//www.carterusa.com/cityoverview/co_orlando1.html3.Highlights of the economic and business growth in the Tampa Bay region (2004). Retrieved on April 16, 2005, from http//www.tampabay.org/admin/editor/upload/PRN_July2004.pdf4Lynch, T (2004). Florida High Speed Ground Transportation Economic Benefit and Cost Impact Study. Retrieved on April 16, 2005, from http//www.floridabullettrain.com/content/economics.pdf5Cox, W. (1997). Evaluation of the FDOT-FOX Miami, Orlando, Tampa High Speed Rail Proposal. Retrieved on April 16, 2005, from http//www.hotpolitics.com/hispeedrail.htm6Economic Development of Tampa Bay (2004). Retrieved on April 16, 2005, from http//www.tampachamber.com/economic_development.asp7High Speed Line Study (2004). Retrieved on April 16, 2005, from http//www.dft.gov.uk/stellent/groups/dft_railways/documents/page/dft_railways_032564.pdf Economic Impact Analysis on a High-Speed Railway System for Central FloEconomic Impact Analysis on a High-Speed Railway System for Central FloridaIntroductionHigh-speed railway (HRL) systems have been used primarily over in such countries as Japan since 1964 and France since 1984. Recently the United States has generated interest in the high-speed railway as well. The proposed system would stretch fro m Miami through Orlando and end in the St. Petersburg/Tampa area. With bullet trains operating at top speeds of 220 miles an hour, the express travel time from downtown Miami to Orlando would take approximately 2.5 hours. Intercity travelers (trips between metropolitan regions) along with longer-distance commuters would enjoy the benefits of a system designed to connect with existing rail, air, and highway systems.The strategy behind the high-speed railway system would be to relieve highway congestion, air traffic congestion, and help reduce the necessity of expansion of highways and air systems (which is limited due to the inability to build new air space). Also, with this type of system (this system works on magnetic levitation), you would have a significant reduction in air pollution that would result as high-speed captures a large portion of the intercity travel market from automobiles and airlines.ContextTampaThe chosen locations for the high-speed railway will be three differe nt cities, Miami, Orlando, and Tampa/St.Petersburg area. The economic and industrial structures for Tampa has created more than 22,000 jobs May 2004, ranking the area 1 in Florida and among the best in the nation for job growth. Job gains in the region were largely in professional and business services. Florida is creating jobs faster than any other state in the nation, adding 171,800 jobs from May 2003 to May 2004.Tampa/Hillsborough County with its dynamic and positive business climate is one of the leading business locations in the world. As the economic hub of Hillsborough County and the Tampa Bay region, Tampa enjoys ongoing and remarkable job growth, affordable business and living costs, an able and abundant workforce, excellent educational opportunities, and unmatched weather and amenities. Service, retail, finance, insurance, and real estate sectors lead regional industry. Bioscience and other high-tech industries are expanding, thanks in part to research at university and co llege campuses throughout the area. Manu... ...rkforce.Reference1Keating, O. (2004). Are High Speed Trains are the best form of transport for Consumers and Society? Retrieved April 16, 2005, from http//www.o-keating.com/hsr/best.htm 2City Overviews (2004). Socio-economic overview. Retrieved on April 16, 2005, from http//www.carterusa.com/cityoverview/co_orlando1.html3.Highlights of the economic and business growth in the Tampa Bay region (2004). Retrieved on April 16, 2005, from http//www.tampabay.org/admin/editor/upload/PRN_July2004.pdf4Lynch, T (2004). Florida High Speed Ground Transportation Economic Benefit and Cost Impact Study. Retrieved on April 16, 2005, from http//www.floridabullettrain.com/content/economics.pdf5Cox, W. (1997). Evaluation of the FDOT-FOX Miami, Orlando, Tampa High Speed Rail Proposal. Retrieved on April 16, 2005, from http//www.hotpolitics.com/hispeedrail.htm6Economic Development of Tampa Bay (2004). Retrieved on April 16, 2005, from http//www.tampachamber .com/economic_development.asp7High Speed Line Study (2004). Retrieved on April 16, 2005, from http//www.dft.gov.uk/stellent/groups/dft_railways/documents/page/dft_railways_032564.pdf

Shakespeares Tempest Essay -- Drama Analysis

William Shakespeare is widely regarded as one of the most influential writers of the 16th century. His command on modern English is uncanny and texts that he authored are considered almost of the most exceptional pieces of literature. Throughout all of his plays are intricate plot and character development that end with philosophical life lessons that can apply to anyone. In William Shakespeares the Tempest, Prospero projects the dictatorial demeanour that initially made him a prisoner onto Caliban and Ariel which ultimately leads to his shift from ignorance to knowledge.Initially Prospero was duped, betrayed and inevitably usurped by his brother Antonio. It is in this pivotal scratch of the plot that provides an explanation as to why and how Prospero displays such acrimonious behaviour. As Prospero relays the story of how they arrived on the island he explains that he trusted his brother to run his nation while he was ...all dedicated/To Closeness and the bettering of my mind (1 .2.89-90). He became so wrapped up in his studies of the liberal arts that eventually Antonio won everyplace his people and ...he needs will be/Absolute Milan (1.2.108-109). Prospero was ultimately usurped and ...one midnight/Fated to th purpose did Antonio open/The gates of Milan, and i th dead of darkness/The ministers for th purpose hurried whence/Me and thy crying self (1.2.128-132). They disposed of Prospero and his daughter, ...There they hoist us/To cry to th sea that roared to us...(1.2.148-149). Eventually By providence divine. (1.2.159) they made it to the island that Prospero would inevitably establish his vicious sovereignty over. He lost his Dukedom due his perfidious brother. However it is evident that Prospero grew ignorant to the ne... ... art to enchant/And my ending is despair...(5.2.1-14). This is a decisive end to Prosperos commanding demeanour and a very clear shift from ignorance to knowledge is distinguishable. There is a unimpeded progression of maturity that Prospero is subjected to. Instead of taking vengeance on those who wronged him he ultimately decides to function with his ...nobler reason... (5.1.26). He understands that the way he has composed himself and treated others is no better than the lack of benevolence he has been subjected to. In William Shakespeares the Tempest, Prospero projects the oppressive demeanour that initially made him a prisoner onto Caliban and Ariel which ultimately leads to his shift from ignorance to knowledge. The relationship between servant and master is beautifully articulated and exemplifies enticing altruistic values that one should strive for.

Shakespeares Tempest Essay -- Drama Analysis

William Shakespeare is widely regarded as one of the most influential writers of the 16th century. His command on young English is uncanny and texts that he authored are considered some of the most exceptional pieces of literature. Throughout all of his plays are intricate plot and character development that fetch up with philosophical life lessons that can apply to anyone. In William Shakespeares the Tempest, Prospero projects the oppressive demeanour that initially made him a prisoner onto Caliban and Ariel which ultimately leads to his shift from ignorance to knowledge.Initially Prospero was duped, betrayed and inescapably usurped by his brother Antonio. It is in this pivotal section of the plot that provides an explanation as to why and how Prospero displays such acrimonious behaviour. As Prospero relays the story of how they arrived on the island he explains that he trusted his brother to run his kingdom while he was ...all dedicated/To Closeness and the checking of my mind (1.2.89-90). He became so wrapped up in his studies of the liberal arts that eventually Antonio won over his people and ...he needs will be/Absolute Milan (1.2.108-109). Prospero was ultimately usurped and ...one midnight/Fated to th purpose did Antonio open/The furnish of Milan, and i th dead of darkness/The ministers for th purpose hurried thence/Me and thy crying self (1.2.128-132). They disposed of Prospero and his daughter, ...There they hoist us/To cry to th sea that roared to us...(1.2.148-149). Eventually By thrift divine. (1.2.159) they made it to the island that Prospero would inevitably establish his vicious sovereignty over. He lost his Dukedom due his perfidious brother. However it is evident that Prospero grew ignorant to the ne... ... art to enjoy/And my ending is despair...(5.2.1-14). This is a decisive end to Prosperos controlling demeanour and a very clear shift from ignorance to knowledge is distinguishable. There is a unimpeded feeler of maturity that Prospe ro is subjected to. Instead of taking vengeance on those who wronged him he ultimately decides to function with his ...nobler reason... (5.1.26). He understands that the way he has composed himself and treated others is no better than the lack of benevolence he has been subjected to. In William Shakespeares the Tempest, Prospero projects the oppressive demeanour that initially made him a prisoner onto Caliban and Ariel which ultimately leads to his shift from ignorance to knowledge. The relationship between handmaid and master is beautifully articulated and exemplifies enticing altruistic values that one should strive for.

Napoleon Bonaparte Essay

During piles reign as Emperor of the French Empire he made laws, or a set of codes, that utilize to exclusively of France. He enacted laws that protected the people, promoted religious tolerance and took away the serfdom and feudalism systems, all of which gave people more freedom over their land to run themselves and their families. The well-being of the people was compromised since the workers lacked many rights, this being evident by the fact that trade unions and strikes were illegal, which encouraged employer abuse. One aspect of Napoleons opening up government positions other than the nobility class was that it would have provided officials who could sympathize with the commoners, and therefore would have brought fresh ideas to the French political scene.A downside to his rule was that he limited the freeness of speech and condense by closely monitoring the press and prohibited any ideas that seemed to be against the French Emperor in his eyes and also the French Police get peoples mail. Napoleon showed a keen interest in learning early on in life. It was primarily based on the desire to learn near new military strategies. On the contrary, he suppressed new ideas and learning from coming into the empire by quieting anybody who spoke or thought differently than himself. For example, Mme. Stael was a writer who had established a salon where European people with influence could come together and share new ideas with one another.Napoleon saw this as a threat to his power, so he shut down the salon and exiled Mme. Stael to Germany where she could no longer write and spread new ideas in his French domain. Napoleon promoted equality by allowing people from all social backgrounds to obtain government careers by based upon ability only as opposed to whose family you were born in, or what rank you had. Another way was by his changing the standards of aristocracy that was based upon ones merit in state service. He contradicted himself by claiming he had when equality for all citizens. Women were considered less than equal in the empire andlacked many of the rights that men had, and was considered as a minor in court cases.RECOMMENDATIONS1.If I were to grade Napoleons leader based on the principles of the Enlightenment I would give him a C. Because even though he did secure some freedom for the people, he tranquil failed at equality for all people being taking so many freedoms away that the Revolution had made. 2.I would tell Napoleon to change his laws limiting women so much, otherwise he should stop saying freedom for all 3.Should follow the philosopher Diderot and apply his ideas of social equality that would make a better society.

Compare and Contrast Grandparents’ Importance Essay

Few basis bring the warmth we can find in their embrace, and little more is needed to bring love than the smile on their face. Theyve a supply of precious stories, yet theyve time to wipe a tear, or give us reasons to make us laugh. They grow more precious through the years. I believe that God sent us Grandp bents, as our bequest from above, to shargon the moments of our life as extra measures of His love. (www. the parentsday. com) Some kids really dont realize how much they lose when they dont spend overflowing time with their grandparents.Grandparents are extremely unique people who should truly be idolized, on that point arent many people like them who give always care, will love unconditionally, and have lived through very tough times that most teens couldnt understand. One of the most important reasons why grandparents should be idolized is that, grandparents are the type of people that will always care about their family. Census figures released recently quantify what expe rts have long noted as a increment phenomenon The number of children creation raised by grandparents4. millionis at an all-time high, surpassing the population of children in foster care (Haynes V, Dion, www. grandparents. com).The growing number of grandkids being raised by their grandparents just reads how much grandparents truly care about their family. There is a reason elderly people always ask you if youre hungry, or cold, or if anything is wrong too, grandparents dont want their grandkids to suffer in the slightest bit. They want to make sure all is well. Another reason grandparents should be idolized is, there arent many people in the world that, no matter what you do wrong, will love you as if nothing at all had happened.Unconditional love isnt a very common thing to come across, but grandparents tend to have it for each and every sensation of their grandchildren. Going to grandma and grandpas house normally means acquire a face stuffed with junk food, getting little g ifts just because, and getting called all those cute little nicknames that they give the grandkids. Most people will agree with this if they have a grandparent and will say that it is because they just want to show their love for them. Grand kids can do no wrong in a grandparents eyes, at least thats what they say.It must take a lot of strength to push every little, bad thing someone has done, and just forgive them completely like nothing ever happened. Because of all the engineering that exists, people in todays times have it pretty easy compared to when grandparents were teenagers. They had to put up with more than people do now. About 7 million people served on active duty during the Korean War Era making them veterans of war. 997,000 people also served during WWII 347,000 during the Vietnam War and 291,000 during all three wars (www. vnf. org, contribution of Veteran Affairs). These statistics prove that there is a large chance that an individual(a)s grandparents participated in at least one, if not more than one, of these wars. Besides the war, there is also the fact that there was way less technology back then. There were no televisions, no iPods, no cellphones, and no video games. They actually had to adjudge themselves by using imagination, going outside, and not being lazy, which is very rare in todays society.Most kids wouldnt even know what to do with themselves if they didnt have all the precious technology they do, and for that reason alone, people should look up to their grandparents. As a consequence of people not recognizing these stupefying characteristics grandparents have, grandparents tend to taken advantage of. People need to spend more time with their grandparents to make them know they are appreciated. Grandparents dont expect anything in return for their love, but try to make the feeling mutual. Everyone deserves a lot of love.Doing something as simple as taking them to lunch will surely pull in their day. Just take a minute and th ink about a grandparents impact on a childs life, it truly is great. Anyone can fool that grandkids should look up to their grandparents, there arent many people like them that will love you no matter what, will care for you, and have been in situations far more difficult than people deal with today. Because of all these things, grandkids should spend more time with them and love them as much as they possibly can back.It takes a lot to care and love and live through, what we consider bad and boring times, and come out, still a completely remarkable kind of individual that people can look up to. Grandparents always care about their grandchildren, even if the grandchildren deny it, grandparents love and care for them, no matter what happens. Grand parents are like parents, minus all of the fighting and the screaming. As Rudolph Giuliani said, What children need most are the essentials that grandparents provide in abundance. They give unconditional love, kindness, patience, humor, com fort, lessons in life. And most importantly, cookies.

Examine the view that theoretical issues are the most important factor influencing sociologist’s choice of research methods Essay

Many sociologists argue that theoretical issues argon the most important factors to affect survival of method. Theoretical issues make to what we think society is like and if we can obtain an accurate and truthful picture of it. There are four different concerns regarding theoretical issues which influence sociologists prize of investigate methods. Validity is a method that gives a true or genuine picture of what something is really like, which helps the researcher easily find divulge the truth. Sociologists argue that the use of qualitative methods such as Participant Observation gives a more(prenominal) valid, truthful account as it provides us with a deeper perceptivity through firsthand experience. The next issue that influences sociologists choice is reliability which comes from Latin, replica meaning an exact copy of something. This results in the method being fitted to be repeated and creates a less bias and more accurate research again and again. Quantitative methods such as written questionnaires can be used as they are more reliable results than qualitative methods such as unregulated interviews. Another theoretical issue is representativeness which refers to how much of the characteristics you are looking for for is represented by the people being studied.For sheath if a sociologist is researching single parent homes, you will not interview nuclear families, because they are not representing the variables they are looking for. Similarly if someone is investigating delinquency, they will not conduct their research in a place that is very well developed or a place that has a lot of wealthy people living there, because it would not be representative of the phenomena they wish to study. The last theoretical issue is methological berth which is a choice of method that is influenced by their perspective their view of what society is and how we should study it. There are two contrasting perspectives on choice of methods logical positivism whi ch prefers quantitative data and seeks to discover patterns of behaviour and sees sociology as a science. Whereas the interpretive perspective prefer qualitative data and seek to translate social actors (those who exercise free will) meanings, they reject the view that sociology is a science. However with practical issues may be seen as an important factor which influences sociologists choice of research methods. It is important to understand the topic or group being studied. Forexample, if the topic is sensitive, such as domestic violence, bullying, grades at school etc. For sensitive information, unstructured interviews would be the best research method as the researcher can build up a rapport with the participant, meaning that the participant would be more likely to open up to the researcher. For example, Dobash and Dobash carried out informal interviews on women who had experienced domestic violence.Another practical factor that affects choice of method is the social characteri stics of the researcher. For example a 30 year old man from the upper middle class would find it impossible to pass off as a 17 year old female sixth form student from a working class area. This would mean that they wouldnt be able to use implicit participant observation as a research method. Instead, they should use questionnaires for information if they need quantitative data (e.g. roughly how many hours they do homework for) or semi-structured interviews if they wanted qualitative data (e.g. to talk about if they were happy with their subject choice). Lastly some sociologists may agree that ethical issues has the biggest impact on the choice of research methods ethical issues involve right and wrong or what is considered good, and what is considered evil in a society. The methods that sociologists use to study people may raise a range of ethical questions.There has been a guideline put in place by The British Sociological Association for the conduct of research. Vulnerable grou ps which excess care should be taken where research participants are particularly vulnerable because of their ethnic background, age, physical or mental health. For example when a researcher is perusing children at school, they should regard an issue of child protection and need consent from both the child and the parent/career and provide information that children can understand. Confientiality and privary where researchers must(prenominal) keep the identity of research partipcants secret in order to help prevent possible negative effects of them. They should also respect the privary of research participants. personal information conserning any participant should be kept confidential. In conclusion Theoretical issues is the biggest influence of their choice of research methods because of the major influence on the choice of research topic for example a new right researcher will want to study the effect of welfare benefits on the growth of lone-parentfamilies, since the imaginat ion of welfare dependency is central to their standpoint. Contrastingly, a feminist researcher will likely be more inclined to choose to study domestic violence, as opposition to gender oppressions lies at the core of feminist theory

Effects of Maternal Employment on Infant Development Essay

The topic of this paper is the debate of whether or non maternal employment has any(prenominal) assemble on infant development. Research on this described topic has recently become popular due to the rise of working renders over the past some(prenominal) decades. Their increasing numbers in the workplace and decreasing numbers as stay at domicil moms are creating a number of different issues to be studied. The effects of maternal employment are determined by a number of factors that include, the mothers job satisfaction and drive, amount of work, and the mothers opinion of quality versus quantity time with kidskinren.The main concept at hand here is the importance of an attachment in the root few socio-economic classs as being vital to a kids later development. One nerve of the argument backs up this fact saying that it is important for a child to develop their mother home with them during this period of development. The other side argues that they are finding that it m ay be more beneficial for the child to be placed in some form of nontraditional financial aid environment. This paper will examine these different effects on infant development whether they are positive or negative.There are ii sides to this argument as expected for any issue in debate. I will discuss these devil sides by using the arguments of researchers that switch studied this topic and written articles on their opposing feelings on maternal employment. I will summarize separately these 2 researchers different views along with their findings. later on I have summarized some of their findings I will be presenting my own personal view on this topic. The authors arguing the yes side of this debate are, Jay Belsky and David Eggebeen.Their purpose in writing on this issue was to touch upon some of the issues involved in what has become k instantaneouslyn as the infant day care controversy. They reviewed previous studies of maternal employment and of the infants involved receivi ng various types of non-parental care and found that the children that received the type of non-parental care available in the United States for 20 or more hours a week during their first form of life are at a higher risk of developing insecure attachments to their mothers and have been known to misbehave with adults and act more aggressively toward their peers as 3 to 8 year olds.It was also found that the children that had received care for 20 or more hours per week during their first year and this care continued through their preschool years did poorly academically and socially than the children that had non received regular care until sometime later. Sometime later referring to at least after the childs bite year of life this is due to research that has also shown that children that began full-time care for 30 hours a week in their second year functioned just as poorly as these children whose care was initiated in their first year of life.These studies have been examined by many researchers, each of them varying and being put together a little better than the last after taking in to mind the criticism for each. After Belskys research was criticized another similar study was done but also took into account the background information of the child, mother and the family. The National Longitudinal Survey of Youth was used for these studies which also lead to there being a more representative sample of children. Their research bust up the children, 4, 5 and 6 year olds, into three separate groups so they could be compared on the emotional and social functioning being studied.There were two groups differing by when their non-parental care started, either the first or second year of life, and a third for those children that had mothers that were employed less than 10 hours per week or not at all employed. The results were similar but they did distinguish that a shy child would be more apt(predicate) to be affected by non-parental care, having solicitude co ping with their mothers away from them. Research has also been able to connect aggression toward peers with extensive and early maternal employment.In comparison to this, children whose mothers did not work during their first three years of life markedly more compliant than their peers whose mothers were employed full-time. The opposing side to this debate, written by K. Alison Clarke-Stewart, also brings up a trusty argument. It is obvious in our changing society that mothers bringing home their families only income or second income has become more common so that every year the number of their children being placed in different kinds of nontraditional child care atmospheres is constantly increasing.In doing her research she is looking for the marked advantages and disadvantages that these various child care environments for the involved childrens social and cognitive development. She seems to have only found advantages after coming to the conclusion, and her articles title, that, a home is not a school. The research used studies involving 150 children that were 2 and 3 years old. These children belonged to one of six different child care situations, these being, care by parents, care by a sitter at home, day care, part-time nursery school, full time nursery or care in a cracker full-time and part-time by a sitter.It was found in these studies that children that were placed in the different day care centers and preschool programs are more likely to be socially skilled and intellectually advanced than children that stayed at home with their parents or sitters. This research also gave evidence that these children in the care of a center displayed more positive social qualities such as self-confidence, self-assurance, independence, etc.Research has shown that when the children were compared on different types of intellectual abilities, those that had been in center care scored better in eye-hand coordination, creative use of materials, memory, problem solving a nd reasoning, and basic knowledge about the physical world. These children also had better advanced language, showing that differences favor these children in both verbal and nonverbal skills. These differences are correlated with more physical stimulation, the amount of adult attention they receive and the opportunity for the children to interact with peers all available at these care centers.Many of the care givers in these centers have had education and training for their positions which makes them apt to be more armed serviceful and explain things to the children. Another difference between homes and care centers is the authoritarian discipline that is usually present at home. This difference has been linked to childrens lower intellectual and social competence. All of these aspects lead to the care-center resembling a school-like environment that encourages intellectual and social development at an earlier age.As for my own personal view, this is a very tough issue as is any w ith convincing evidence on each side, but I have a more traditional view on mothering and feel that it is important for a childs development to have that bond with and nurturing from their mother. This has of course become an issue because of our constantly increasing price of living it seems that some kind of second income is now needed for most families. This issue makes it a tough call but I still feel the same. I do not conjecture that it is easy to develop this kind of bond if the child is immediately placed into the care of someone else.My own personal experience was that my mother did not go back to work until her youngest child had started elementary school and even then she was sure that she only worked while we were in school and was usually home just about the same time as us. I dont recover I could have established the bond that I have with my mother now if she had done anything different with us. I feel that it is important that a mother and father are financially re ady enough to have a child without the mother having to work again right away.I do agree with setting up your child in some kind of pre-school program to help them to develop social skills and an interaction with their peer group is also important. I obviously used some of my own personal experience and feelings to make my decision. After reading the articles my mind was not changed on this debate, they just gave me more support for my position. In the articles, each side discusses how these children do academically one side placing its wildness on better adjustment to school and the other on more advanced skills when in school.It has been discussed that children that were not placed in non-traditional care and stayed at home with their mothers for their first three years do not take long to catch up academically with the kids that had been placed in different care environments. Children that have been able to stay at home with their mothers have also been found to be more complian ce and less behavioral problems when placed into school. I think that the one-on-one relationship that they got to have with their mother right from the beginning help a great deal in creating these types of good behaviors.The children who have been placed in the care of others all their lives would not know this feeling because they have always been surrounded by other children receiving care from the same few center workers. I really feel that the best thing a mother can do for her children to ensure good development and a happy childhood is be a loving mother at home for at least the first three years of life. Once they have had this experience, and they are closer to 4 years old they will probably be ready for some kind of pre-school program.

Geography of Time Essay

The seventh chapter Health, Wealth, Happiness and Charity discusses why some dresss argon steadfaster than others, what countries are more(prenominal) ready to help unknown nation in need, etc. The question is where people are healthier, happier and more charitable. The author starts his research from assuming that long-playing people are healthier than faster. When people work harder and have less leisure they may be more subjected to health and psychological problems in demarcation to people who relax more. It is argued that social well-being of community is also involved. The author says that the heart patients in waiting rooms seem to be tenser than others.Moreover, some people are constantly living self-imposed mindset of chronic tension. It means that some people tend to create problems when they are not present and encounter depressed trying to solve them. It is also found that people suffering from coronary disease are characterized by time urgency, hostility and compet itiveness. Therefore, faster place are characterized by increased death rates and heart attacks. The study examined 31 different countries and 36 cities in the United States. The results show that there is a strong correlation between pace of life and heart disease.Further, the author described a paradox. He writes that people in faster places are more prone to suffer coronary heart disease, but they are also more likely to be happier with their lives. (p. 158) Divorce rates are higher in individualistic nations, but marital satisfaction is high as well. Pace of life is claimed to have important implications for the way people are ready to capture care of other people, strangers, etc. People in fast cities are less likely to help strangers in need. Moreover, people in fast cities give to be less civilian than people in slower cities.The author concludes that fast pace of life tell ons people capable to find time for others. despite less free time for relaxing and leisure fast ci tizens try to find time to devote to families and to help others. The eights chapter Japans Contradiction analyzes transaction between coronary disease rates and a rapid pace of life in Japan. Nipponese lifestyle is defined as workaholism as Nipponese people have the longest working day and have the least time to relax. Japanese pace of life is the most demanding on the earth and Japanese workers work quickly and they work a lot.Japanese people have fewer vacations and they tend to avoid dread retirement. The highest reward in Japan is to be allowed to work after retirement age. Japanese workers are not bothering about Blue Mondays and, therefore, they are more likely to have psychological problems and to be inflicted afflicted with Sunday Disease. The author writes that the magnitude of Japanese dedication to work can be dazzling. (p. 170) Nowadays government is even trying to make people work less and to have more time for leisure. Government policy aims at making people slow down.Further, the author explains For the nations domestic market t pick up, which the government says it must, a rise in consumer spending is a must. (p. 170) It means that leisure for Japanese workers will be a must. The notorious Japanese aversion is challenging by requirement to take vacations. Government tries to encourage vacations by claiming that taking a vacation is a condense of competence. Nevertheless, workaholism remains Japanese way of life, but the problem is that workaholism is correlated with psychological disorders and increased coronary disease rates.Nevertheless, statistics shows that death from coronary disease is rare fact in the country. Cultural values of the country are centered on welfare of the collective as people are devoted to community. Japanese workers arent characterized by competitive hostility and anger. Therefore, the author concludes that in contrast to the United States in Japan there are little relations between fast pace of life and coronar y disease rates. Time urgency doesnt contribute to heart attacks and coronary disease.

Real State in Uae

College of Business Administration(COBA) Master of Business Administration(MBA) Report on accredited Estate Business in united Arab Emi orders Prep atomic number 18d by MBA Students 19th December, 2011 Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY1 INTRODUCTION2 HISTORY OF UAE REAL commonwealth BUSINESS3 NATURE OF REAL ESTATE MARKET4 SUPPLY AND study MODEL5 walkoer OF UAE REAL ESTATE MARKET7 REAL ESTATE BUSINESS IMPACT ON UAE ECONOMY8 UAE REAL ESTATE BUSINESS CLASSIFICATIONS9 residential existent body politic food merchandise9 mogul commercialize10 Retail securities industry11 Hotel market12 UAE REAL ESTATE LAWS12 CHALLENGES IN UAE REAL ESTATE SECTOR13SWOT ANALYSIS OF UAE REAL ESTATE SECTOR14 FUTURE GROWTH INFERENCES AND CRITICAL CATALYSTS14 CONCLUSION17 REFERENCES18 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY United Arab Emirates is considered as the most active post market among GCC countries. Real terra firma and short letter service field contribute a considerable sh ar for the product of the nat ion. The frugal boom during the age 2003 2007 adds the fill for square dry land properties and there were shortage in residential and commercial segments. Emirates standardized Dubai have found an cardinal place in world tourism map, the conditions in UAE also attracts foreign investors and job seekers.So, the available touchable kingdom space for residential and commercial purposes was not enough to fulfill the present requirement. Real soil markets in emirates standardised Ajman, Fujairah, and Ras Al Khaimah are not exploited well they provide impudent avenues for investors. Completion of some study projects in Dubai and Abu Dhabi in coming years resideed to be able act the requirements. In some literal kingdom of the certainm sectors like hotel market, experts predicts over bring out situation in future. Global financial crisis in the years 2008 -2009 badly influenced the real kingdom sector also.Due to hesitancy in markets, some(prenominal) expatriates re flip over to home outlandish and new investors in fear to eviscerate large investments. Expected huge planning a yearn with reduce in have during crisis m, rate of real domain properties went down especially in Dubai. UAE regimen projects like Abu Dhabi vision 2030 provides enough importance for supplying residential properties. UAE economy is at once recovering from recession and new opportunities in different sectors pull up stakes enhance the yield of real the three acress sector in coming years.So, this analysis is important to measure the new situation in UAE real estate market and to forecast to the future. ? INTRODUCTION Real Estate is a broad term which represents a piece of convey including the air above ground below and any building or structure on it. This can also overwhelm the patronage organisation sector and residential properties which can be sold by the individual who own the station or a relater. Real estate refers to residential new homes a nd subsisting ones, commercial shopping centers and office staffs, industrial manufacturing buildings and properties, un genuine lands and farms etc.Real estate investments are by and large influenced by the condition of the immediate area where the shoes is located. The values affected by local factors such as availability of jobs, crime rates, taxes, presence of educational institutions and so on. In different countries, the broad nature of the term real estate whitethorn vary but key ideas behind is almost same. Generally speaking, real estate is the property consisting of land and the buildings on it along with its natural resources. Real estate business represents the profession of buying, selling, renting or leasing of lands, buildings, houses etc.This business area embarrasss the activities for providing goods and service involving financial, commercial and industrial aspects. Major players in this business are land owners, developers, builders, real estate agents, tenan ts, buyers and so on. This is an important business area where huge amount of money of money is involved and so, in depth knowledge is helpful. Real estate business is attractive because there is chance to earn to a greater extent money deep down the short span of period. In the last decade, real estate business in UAE has a awesome train of evolution payable to various favorable situations.The rudimentary driven forces for such a emergence are stinting growth of the country, increase in income, capital inflow from foreign investors, increase in population of expatriates and liberal integritys. Economic suppuration in the UAE has largely influenced by real estate sector and its impact on GDP growth rate is very crucial. Increase in tourism and development of early(a) business sectors stretch the confidence of investors, especially from outside the country in real estate business. Employment opportunities are high in different emirates and there by expatriate population in creases, this provides good opportunities in residential real estate sector.Many multinational companies found UAE is an important business location and begin their investments also enables the rapid growth in real estate sector. UAE property market is still growing after the spill faced at time global economic crisis and recession. UAE open their opportunities to foreign investors in terms of culture and social integration and considered as one the most secure country in terms of governing bodyal and economic environment. UAE is now creating a real estate and property boom that will delight dream of many people and creates regions within the nation that are representative of the world.So the turn over from real estate business is high especially in emirate like Dubai. HISTORY OF UAE REAL ESTATE BUSINESS savings bank the early 70s, when it constitutes a single nation by combining seven emirates, UAE is one of the least developed countries in the world. Today UAE has achieved gr owth rate and income level comparable to that of industrialized nations. As we know, the revenue from pet roleum was the main source for the development in the early stages of the country. The infrastructure for many other business sectors were developed using the revenue from crude oil.In 1980s, UAE followed a resource ground industry as a development strategy for over all development of country using natural resources. At this time, real estate properties are under the ownership of government and citizens have limited accessibility on such properties. cut back transactions are there which happed between local people. When industries established here, real estate market also got a hike. Industrialization and impact of crude oil on global economy enabled UAE to be an investors destination for business. Gradually, the number of expatriates increases, most of them came here as employees.This trend enhances the development of residential and commercial real estate market. In late 90 s, government authorities realize the uneven growth of real estate business and its opportunities. In this time, many of the multinational companies sort out their franchisees or braches in different emirates. The physical exercise opportunities of the country expand thereafter and so real estate market got the boom. Authorities formulated new cultivate real estate laws in the country to encourage foreign investments in large projects.The governments decision to diversify from a trade based economy to service and tourism oriented made real estate sector is more valuable. Establishment of free zones enables to encourage investors by providing maximum exemption to establish industries. Special laws are formulated for free zones to keep the interests of investors. These free zones also contribute a lot to the gradual growth of real estate sector. Free holding of properties revolutionize the real estate market, which encourage foreign investments.Free hold allowing foreigners to buy properties, before that, solitary(prenominal) UAE nationals can hold property with restricted permissions. This policy adopted by Dubai in 2002 and implemented from 2003, help them to explore high turnover from real estate market. UAE real estate business grew stepwise by exploiting different favorable conditions here retain its growth till 2008. Global economic crisis from 2007 have some sort of impact on real estate business in UAE also, influence more on Emirate of Dubai. Dubai faced another recession in 1999, but it didnt affect relatively small(a) real estate sector at that time when comparing to late 2000s.Property value came to extreme down level due to less demand. During the period of recession, property charges down and investors are afraid to spend money in the sector. UAE slowly recover economic crisis and the demand for properties is still high. So economists predict except growth in coming years in real estate business. (UAE real estate, Reaching New Heights- KFH query) NATURE OF REAL ESTATE MARKET UAE real estate property market suffered a crash during the time of global economic crisis and now the business is gaining back the momentum.Since the transactions involved with considerably large amount and due to the expanding nature of business, we have consider the distinct characteristics and factors influencing the real estate business. Real estate assets and markets are unique when comparing to other market goods. This tends to be highly localized and segmented with privately negotiated transactions. Main characteristics are Uniqueness each real estate property can assume to be more or less unique, makes it difficult to compare with other properties.Durability New structures usually have long life and so yield benefits over a long period of time. Large transaction size Most of the real estate transactions create in a large financial requirement. So the comprise and availability of financing has more influence on real estate market. Long development/ production period from conception to completion, real estate projects very much take years to complete. That means that supply of real estate properties typically slow to adjust to the increase in demand from real estate market.So real estate market is far away from ideal competitive market. Real estate business is influenced by many different factors which affect the real value of property also. The dynamic integration among different factors creates the business trends in the real estate market. Physical or environmental factors are noticeable to observe. Such factors include soil, climate, water, topography, scenic beauty, infrastructure and desirable destinations like schools, commercial areas, employment centers etc. Economic factors will strongly influence growth of the urban center or decline and here by property values, both demand and supply factors affect in this context. Demand factors include trends in employment and income, the availability of financing a nd so on. Economic factors that affect supply are availability of vacant and improved properties, rental and scathe patterns of existing properties, construction cost etc. All real estate property values are largely influenced by government policies and actions. Developing free zones, implementing different kinds of regulations, construction of physical infrastructure etc are responsibilities of government as part of their policies.In UAE federal monitory policy and emirate fiscal policies also influence real estate markets. SUPPLY AND DEMAND MODEL Real estate economics is attempt to apply economic techniques to real estate markets, which tries to describe predict patterns of prices, supply and demand. Supply and demand model represents the relationship between quantity of a commodity that producers have available for sale and the quantity that consumers are willing and able to buy. The function of market is to equalize demand and supply through price mechanism where it keeps an equilibrium price to balance demand and supply.Diagrammatic representation of supply and demand model commonly mentioned as demand curve and supply curve, these curves plotted against the variables price and quantity. In highly competitive economy, the combination of upward slopping supply curve downward slopping demand curve represents the supply and demand order of business the intersecting point represents the equilibrium price for the item. Source http//kkrugler. files. wordpress. com/2008/02/supply-demand-curve. png The huge uncertainty because of recession during 2010 in real estate market causes down fall of property values.Real demand level of real estate properties depends on population growth, both in residents and expatriates estimated around 15,000 new unit requirements per annum in Dubai itself. Then there is a situation arises where supply exceeds demand due to overbuilding and market uncertainty. Most of the projects in residential sector focus on luxury villas and a partments, but the requirement is only 30% of the total. So, there is still an undersupply for low and medium cost residential properties. Many projects are delaying due to uncertainty in demand and so, expecting the demand perturbation will increase in future.According to the renowned rating agency Moodys, the oversupply in luxury residential sector and in commercial sector will continues till 2016 and there will be a delay in price recovery in real estate sector. Some researchers expect recovery to 2008 price level around 2020. The situation in Abu Dhabi also worsens, tight 11,000 residential units are expected to come in market soon, this may cause a fall of 14% in rents when comparing to last year. In 2010, Abu Dhabi invested a huge amount of nearly 140 billion of USD in real estate and infrastructure development.During the peak time of real estate business during 2007 -2008, they were simply watching the projects of other emirates, especially Dubai and Ras Al Khaimah. This ma ke made a lack of supply till last quarter of 2010 which provides a break off rental when comparing Dubai. They got enough time for better supplying by applying lessons learnt from Dubais experience. In Abu Dhabi, supply shortage is clearer in till 2011, huge supply increase in property units do not refer with cumulative demand, expects till 2013. But in Luxury real estate sector and hotel sector there is issue of oversupply.One and two bedroom apartments still please the highest demand. In general, there are not much serious issues regarding supply side of UAE real estate sector. Supply largely related to population growth, price obtainable for the property and its relative value of properties in real estate market. Changes in population commonly related to employment opportunities, increase or accrue in population will influence the real estate values. UAE expects drastic increase in employment and tourism sector in coming years and also encourage future investments in differ ent sectors. Demand largely related consumers current financial strength and taste.Demand also relates to population, which is crucial in terms of its size along with its age distribution, educational status, size of household etc. Oversupply in certain sectors will cause a reducing in property value in coming years, but low and medium cost residential sector still stay as undersupplied. ELASTICITY OF UAE REAL ESTATE MARKET The responsiveness of supply and demand to change price as per market trends is referred as press stud. In other words, this ratio represents percentage change in quantity demand in response to percentage change in price. The demand for a property is said to be inelastic when this value is less than ne. If this value greater than one, changes in price have a relatively large impact on quantity of demand. Revenue is maximized when elasticity value is exactly one. There are different factors which influence elasticity of properties like, availability of substitut es, percentage of customer income, necessity of property, duration etc. Every investor in UAE is looking for maximum profit from property market, elasticity provided by the property owners make UAE is the best place for the property business. In real estate sector, business rate is 90% and still they are in shortage of supply.Before the economic recession, rent is too high to reach for warmness class investors. In cities like Dubai and Abu Dhabi, still there are unoccupied residential and commercial real estate properties and so price elasticity will make conditions different. High occupation rate is normally an indication of price elasticity. When supply cumulates almost all the demand from real estate market, elasticity will play an important role in determining property transactions and its values. Change of price will increase the demand, many families occupying in sharing villas may ready to take better occupation areas if the price become affordable.Availability of residen tial or commercial areas with fewer prices automatically makes the markets more elastic towards the price. REAL ESTATE BUSINESS IMPACT ON UAE ECONOMY The economic studies conducted by various agencies showed the economic recovery in the country by gaining strength with the support of favorable global environment, but political uncertainty in some GCC countries really slowdown growth of real estate sector. UAE economy has recorded an overall study level of growth over last few years and the GDP has more than doubled from 387. 8 billion in 2004 to 934. 3 billion in 2008.Early stages of UAE economy is powered by revenue from oil, but in the recent years, the main driving force of economic growth is from non-oil sector, accounting for an average of 65% of GDP from 2004 to 2008. Real estate is among the important non-oil business sector in UAE which contribute an average of 8% towards the GDP. Abu Dhabi and Dubai are the emirates that contribute major share of GDP, Dubai is playing grea t role in the growth of non oil sectors, especially real estate market. The impact of real estate sector in UAE economy is high when considering to the last decade, the cities Abu Dhabi nd Dubai became business hubs in Middle East. Real estate sector is remain under squeeze in the current economy, contraction is expected as a foster drop in property prices as new supply enters to the market along with lower demand and there by widening the supply demand gap. This will increase in coming years with the completion of ongoing projects will continue to weigh down the property prices and growth prospects. Abu Dhabis current strategy for boosting the housing supply also put additional pressure on real estate market.Anyway massive investment from government for infrastructure development projects will cause demand for construction and contracting services. Along with this boosting in employment opportunities will expected to provide a base for real estate economy to grow in future. The following table represents evolution of UAE Gross Domestic Product from year 2002 to 2009. Source UAE National Bureau of statistics UAE REAL ESTATE BUSINESS CLASSIFICATIONS For providing statistics more deeply, real estate market further divided in to Commercial and Residential sectors.Commercial real estate sector refers the property which specifically set aside for commercial purposes like industrial use, professional offices, farming etc. commercial property has to comply with certain standards and should be used altogether for business purposes only. Residential real estate involves the sale and rental of land and houses to individuals or families for daily living. Both types involve transactions of huge amount and so many regulations are introduced for commercial and residential segments. Commercial real estate market further divided in to office market, sell market, hotel market etc. or providing analysis in further detailed. Residential real estate market Due to current wo rld wide economic conditions and its manifestation, Dubai bought high uncertainty to the residential real estate market which drives down the prices. Residential market of Abu Dhabi and some other emirates are experiencing a shortage of supply, with insufficient homes or villas to meet requirement of current population. So sharing of villas and apartments is common here. In Abu Dhabi itself there is a shortage of 48,400 housing nits, the upcoming projects will be able to meet only around the one-half. The under supply for end users is particularly for lower and mid market brackets. The majority of upcoming projects also targets high class investors. Residential sales prices in UAE reached its peak in 2008, at this time rent also very high. Residential rents and selling price continue to decline due to a number of factors. More new supply will be available and as rents decline, many tenants are expected to be trade up from shared accommodations into single accommodation and thereby i t keeps increase in demand.Rapid economic growth and employment opportunities results an unprecedented population boom, multi occupancy and sharing will of villas etc makes it contingent to meet the requirement. House prices were fallen in last quarter of 2008 and now it slowly retains an optimum pace. Economic growth, government support and mortgage lenders returning to the market etc are current driving forces of financial strength. The following graph represents the house price changes in UAE for the last three years. In the last quarter of 2010, residential price index rose slightly to 0. %, the total number of property transactions increased around 5%. Office market Currently there is a limited supply of office space in UAE, especially for multinational service sectors which require international standards. Still there is shortage of professionally managed office space, so office markets are operating in maximum occupancy rate and rents are relatively high when comparing to ot her create countries. When begin a office, organizations will consider many concerns like road and transport facility, resource availability, infrastructure accessibility etc, so rents in areas within the city is very high.Medium range organization mostly prefer near areas of city to get the advantage of relatively less rent. More office space will be available when completing the ongoing projects which will help to stimulate market absorption rate in light of quality, tenants got opportunity to occupy higher(prenominal)(prenominal) quality office space at a lower cost. As a result poorer quality spaces forced to reduce their price. Large investment from government to set state owned enterprises and banks, currently most of such organization own the space rather than active in rental market.To widen the services of government agencies and enterprises new high quality office spaces should be created in various parts of the country. Foreign investment and multinational company involv ement in different sectors like oil and gas, financial services, professional services etc largely influence the current trends in office market. According to the Global Office grocery View from CB Richard Ellis (CBRE), UAE is an increasingly affordable and attractive destination for company offices, with growing stability within the emirates.The quality and standard of completed buildings and its affordable rent rate here become much more attractive. Retail market Retail market in real estate represents floor space available for alive(p) in trades direct to customers. Retail market also faces shortage of international quality projects and so availability of floor space for sellers relative to demand is less. change magnitude spending of both UAE citizen expatriates and the existing below average per capita income provides a good atmosphere for retail market.The total retail supply in Abu Dhabi is approximately 1. 4 million square meter of GLA and it is important to note that mo st of this space is in non mall format, i. e. street shops. There is significant shortage of available retail space including high end street retail at present and the existing shopping malls are currently having high occupancy rate of nearly 95%. The demand for retail market is expected to increase in coming years also, the emergence of more world class tourism points in UAE also support growth of retail sector.New retailers are offering new retail sales format and experience which will cause an increase in spending of money in retail market. In the growing economy of UAE, average rental rates almost unchanged in the main retail malls of Abu Dhabi emirates but continue to decline in Dubai. Hotel market Dubai is one of favorite tourist destination for people from Europe and other Asian countries. Abu Dhabi, Fujairah ad other emirates are also emerging as valuable tourism destinations in the country. Luxurious hospitality and high grade hotels are inevitable to retain in world touris m map.Supply of new hotel facilities are less in last few years after the recession, but it is almost meet the requirement from tourism sector. Occupancy rate has fallen and still continued to out perform when comparing to other market areas. Some tourism promotion events like Dubai shop Festival, Abu Dhabi F1 Grand Prix, Dubai Air Show, Abu Dhabi shopping festival etc cause some seasonal demand for hotel facilities. The continued expansion of national airline Etihad and Emirates has enabled growth of hotel markets in UAE.Almost half of the total quality hotel supply is managed by international management companies like Hilton, Starwood etc. Development of hospitality sector along with strengthening of corporate market and development of leisure segment is the main objective of UAE authority and so the upcoming projects will supply the requirements, to continue to increase hotel supply in contiguous few years. Abu Dhabi is one of the strongest performing hotel markets in the last f ew years as the number of hotel visitors to the city has doubled in from 200 to 2009.In future, hotel market expects tremendous growth along with tourism sector. (Abu Dhabi real estate market forecasts, p19-35) UAE REAL ESTATE LAWS Foreign investors in UAE real estate market face some(prenominal) legal challenges both as to the nature of legal entity to use the properties as well as their ability to acquire free hold interests in real estate. UAE is the fusion of seven emirates established in 1971 formulation of UAE federal law provides legal framework for the emirates.Federal government is entrusted with the task of formulating laws concerning and regulating principal and central aspects of federation including defense, security, public health, currency etc. federal laws are formulated for regulating labor and social services, real estate and its expropriation in the public interest, agriculture and physical wealth and so on. As per the constitutional principle adopted by UAE na tion, local governments in different emirates are authorized to regulate common matters that are not confined to the federal government.Each of the seven emirates regulates their own affaires by exploring this provision. So, in real estate sector there is no federal property law for governing foreign ownership of real estate in UAE. Each emirates has their own regulations, Dubai is the only emirate currently allow freehold of real estate properties. Federal lawfulness nary(prenominal) 5 of 1985 was issued Civil Transactions uprightness and Federal Law No. 11 of 1992 was issued Civil Procedures Law are the important real estate laws in UAE. Apart from this all the emirates issues their own amendments to protect investors, buyers etc. he civil transaction law later amended by Federal Law No. 1 of 1987 which exclude commercial transactions from being governed by and under the civil transaction law. Different articles of civil transaction law like Article 870, 871, 881 etc ensure the security and reliability of different real estate transactions among persons and banks. As per Civil Procedure code, agreements must be evidenced in writing and must be clearly defined. Different emirates made their own amendments for better regulation by using their provision for freely constitute laws.Law No. 7 of 2006 concerning real property registration in the emirate of Dubai is an example of such amendment. Law No. 7 of 1997 concerns the charges for registration of lands, local decree of 1960 concerns the formation of lands committee. social class 2006 amendment define real estate register and different types of rights to hold real estate properties based on clearly defined agreements. As per Article 4, real estate property shall be restricted to UAE and GCC nationals, subject Rulers approval and in specific areas, non nationals grand for freehold ownership.Some other important amendments in Dubai include Law No. 9 of 2009, Law No. 13 of 2008 etc. In 2010, a number of signi ficant changes implemented in UAE real estate laws, to encourage investments and to face challenges from global economic crisis. Landlord and tenant law provide to ensure tenants automatic right for renewal and security of tenure which has existed for the first quin years of occupation for both commercial and residential clients. The 5% annual rent increase cap has also been retained in Abu Dhabi to provide middle income affordable housing.Special consideration and laws were implemented in new investment areas like free zones to protect investors rights. Abu Dhabi also formulates framework and general laws for property rights within Abu Dhabi emirates to register property legally. CHALLENGES IN UAE REAL ESTATE SECTOR Rising cost of cement and raw materials is a real challenge in real estate sector. Production of cement in UAE is not enough for satisfy the demand cement comes from outside the country also. The stabilized market and a looming price control intervention by authorities imply that price may not be high always.Real estate and construction industries are facing shortage of skilled labors for construction site. Due to low wages and heavy duty, many foreign labors leave from here, manpower requirement is high when considering the demand. Delays and cancellations of projects in UAE is a major supply side issue in UAE. Due to global economic crisis, many projects are cancelled due to investors feeling of insecurity in real estate business. Actually real estate markets are driven by supply, demand and finance. Mortgage rate is relatively high in UAE when comparing to international standards, especially in Dubai.In many cases, this is beyond affordability. UAE authorities are continuously monitoring to taking deals with these supply issues. (UAE real estate, Reaching New Heights- KFH research P13-14) SWOT ANALYSIS OF UAE REAL ESTATE SECTOR Source KFH research FUTURE GROWTH INFERENCES AND CRITICAL CATALYSTS In general, UAE is undersupplied in relation to the demand for residential, office and retail properties, hotel market almost balance the requirement. Due to high occupancy rate in cities like Abu Dhabi, rental and sales price still higher than the regional market.This has a negative impact on economy there is significant loss of potential employment, spending and investment. The real estate industry has do to ongoing shortage of quality products, new projects will solve the shortage in coming years. Years fro 2003 to 2008 is the peak of business, economic crisis caused a down turn in 2009 due to economic crisis. Due to this, major projects are cancelled or delayed, now the country retains its financial strength, significant level of new supply expected to enter in market within two years.Retail and hotel market expected to move into surplus situation within two years. The rare growth of UAE real estate sector is enhanced by a number of activities and improvements in basic infrastructure. Many factors will be catalytic force fo r commercial and residential real estate markets in future. Some of them are Growing employment and population base Due to the success of initiative from UAE authorities to increase Emirati population and to attract expatriates, UAE is now having relatively good labor pool and employment opportunities.Increase in population contributes to the development of economy and promote continuous growth of real estate demand. Promoting company start-up and growth UAE government is taking new steps to develop new industries and work culture by introducing free zones and basic infrastructures. Achieving the rapid economic growth also requires substantial developments in to the regulatory framework. Regulatory reform Emirates like Abu Dhabi, Sharjah, Ras- Al-Khaimah etc. still needs to establish a business and legal environment comparable to other developed countries.Transparent regulatory mechanism only can attract investors, especially in real estate sector where a huge amount of investment i s required. Transparency In this era of globalization, markets to be more open, transparency of different markets has emerged as a big(p) concern for investors, occupiers and other real estate stakeholders. marketplaceing benefits from improved transparency tends to be those in which conducting business is easier. UAE need to improve transparency and openness further to keep inline with leading international markets.Land Registry Land and property registry system is one of the key element that define transparent real estate market, improving operation of the system by providing public accessibility, improvements will stimulate the additional demand for real estate in the country. (Abu Dhabi real estate market forecasts, p36-37) ? CONCLUSION Real estate refers to residential new homes and existing ones, commercial shopping centers and offices, industrial manufacturing buildings and properties, undeveloped lands and farms etc. Real estate investments are largely influenced by the co ndition of the immediate area where the property is located.In UAE real estate sector was not much developed as a big business sector till early 90s. Revenue from oil was the main source of economic growth in early stage of the country authoritys dedication enabled them to establish an industry based economy here which helped a lot to develop a real estate market in UAE. transnational companies found UAE as one of the important business location they began their franchisees which improve opportunities in residential and commercial real estate market. Real estate market is distinct from other competitive markets, due to the differentiable characteristics and influencing factors.Current supply and demand for real estate properties largely influence the rental and selling price. Residential, office and retail real estate properties still face shortage especially in cities, hotel market currently balance the demand and supply. Elasticity measures the responsiveness of quantity demanded of property goods against change in its price. This is influenced by customers income, availability of alternatives, necessity for the property and so on. Real estate business sector has a remarkable contribution towards UAE economy, nearly 8% of the GDP of the nation is from real estate sector.Because of the global economic crisis, real estate sector also under pressure when it badly affect on business and employment opportunities. Many huge projects were cancelled or delayed due to insecurity feel from investors at the time of recession. But UAE has almost recovered from the impact and now real estate market also expects booming in coming years. Factors like growing employment and population base, promoting company start-up and growth, regulatory reform, transparency etc will act as catalysts for future growth of real estate sector. ? REFERENCES Dr. Eisa Abdelgalil, Badar Aldeen Bakheet, Dubai Real Estate firmament varan Series (2007) online www. arabruleoflaw. org/compendium/F iles/UAE/92. pdf accessed on 22/11/2011 UAE Economic Brief and Outlook 2011 , KAMCO Research (April 2011) http//www. menafn. com/updates/research_center/UAE/Economic/kamco130411. pdf accessed on 22/11/2011 Dubai Property Market Overview (Feb 2009), online www. cluttons. com accessed on 23/11/2011 Jones Lang, LaSalle, UAE Retail Market Overview (November 2010) online http//www. dsg. ae/LinkClick. aspx? ileticket=KIYUb_RYXlA%3D&tabid=222 accessed on 23/11/2011 UAE Real Estate Reaching the New Heights, KFH research LTD (September 2008) onlinehttp//www. liquidityhouse. com/upload/UAE_Real_Estate_-_12_Sep_08 _1443. pdf accessed on 24/11/2011 Dubai Investment News (28/03/2011), UAE office market is attractive and affordable http//www. thefirstgroup. com/dubai-property-investment-news/article. php? id=800478265 accessed on 24/11/2011 UAE Real Estate Sector Global Research (June 2011) online http//www. globalinv. net/research/UAE-RealEstate-062011. pdf accessed on 24/11/2011

Nokia Market Analysis

The roots of Nokia go back to the year 1865 with the establishment of a forestry fabrication enterprise in South-Western Finland by mining engineer Fredrick Idestam. While in the year 1898, witnessed the foundation of Finnish Rubber Works Ltd, and in 1912, Finnish line of products Works began operations. Gradually, the ownership of this two companies and Nokia began to shift into hands of just a few owners. Finally, these three companies were merged to form Nokia Corporation in 1967. 1 Nokia Corporation engages in the manufacture of nomadic devices and winding network equipment, as well as in the provision of related solutions and service worldwide.The company has four main line of business functions or segments Mobile Phones, multimedia system, Enterprise Solutions, and Networks. The Mobile Phones segment go outs various mobile voice and data devices. This segment offers mobile phones and devices based on GSM/EDGE, 3G/WCDMA, and CDMA cellular technologies. The Multimedia segm ent offers mobile devices and applications with multimedia connectivity over GSM, 3G/WCDMA, WLAM etc. Strategic Management of Nokia The External Analysis examines opportunities and threats that exist in the environment and I will be discussing the unbrokening. . P. E. S. T Analysis 2. Porters Five Forces/Market Tr residuums 3. Types of Market 1. P. E. S. T Analysis PEST identifies the political, economic, social, technological, environmental, and legal factors that of which directly affect a company. In this mooring Nokia. Political As marts are deregulated, both operators and producers are free to act independently of brass intervention. In Countries like India and China where Partial regulations exist, government intervention does take place.Economic With in answers rising, people have more disposable income, which enables consumers to be more selective with their choice of mobile phone, looking to early(a) factors sooner than fulfilling the most basic of user needs (text messaging and phone calls) and price being much(prenominal) a key factor. Social The rise of the so-called nurture society has made telecommunications increasingly more important to consumers, both in terms of work and leisure. Users are more aware of mobile phone handset choice and advancements due to increased information availability.Strategic Management of Nokia Technological There have been much global advancement in technology such as MMS, Bluetooth, WAP, GSM, GPRS, cameras etc. The Asian grocerys are more technologically advanced than their European counterparts, for example in 2002, just 4% of phones had cameras, whereas in Asia 90% did. It uses concepts develop in Industrial Organization (IO) economics to derive five forces which determine the competitive intensity and therefore attractiveness of a market. It consists of fallowing factors. Power of New EntrantsIn any market arrival of a tender product is not always welcomed.In mobiles world its not different a mobile phone or an online service is launched by Nokia it has as 50 percent chance of success. Its like the launch of Nokias N95 Smartphone which was much appreciated by buyers then the launch of N96 Smartphone. Power of BuyersDue to recent down fall in the economy, the demand of consumers buying new mobiles has come to a halt. Due to which companies all over are thinking of strategies to increase the demand of their products. Strategic Management of Nokia Threat of SubstituteThere are substitute for everything out in the world.So goes for the mobile, and the services provided by Nokia but the problem lies in consumers switching to the substitute. The main reason is that most people dont like to change to something new because they dexterity find it hard to use or switch over. Power of SuppliersIf the suppliers change the price then company in this case Nokia has a direct pretend on the pricing of their products. If there are more suppliers then it is easy to change from one to another if the first one is not able to provide the services a company needs.Competitive RivalryBusiness is good where there are competitors because it gives more chance to improve and go ahead of your rivals. Nokia cover their product catalogs up-to-date and keep looking for better technologies to update its mobile and services. 3. Types of Market There are different types of markets on which a company makes strategies to fallow and consider before releasing products. Which are discussed as below. MonopolyNokia as a mobile manufacturer has overshadowd mobiles market with its high end N-series Smartphone to its low end mobiles.It was Nokias intentional strategy to keep ahead with the technology to keep customers interested in its products. DuopolyIts a market state when two companies dominate the market. In this market Nokia is challenging HUAWEI technologies in producing 3G technology dongles because at present time there is no other company in the world reckon Huawei producing 3G don gles. OligopolyIts a type of market where small numbers of companies in the market collude to take control of the market prices and products. In Nokias case it is colluding with Sony Ericsson and Samsung to make phones which use Nokias mobile in operation(p) system (Symbian S60).This eliminates the use of Windows mobile operating system and newly introduced Googles operating system Android. Perfect CompetitionIts a market where all Companies are on a same level. Nokia as a leading manufacturer still have Samsung, Sony Ericsson, Motorola, and LG give a tough competition with products ranging from every low end user to high end tech loving customer. inbred analysis Strategic Management of Nokia Its a management technique developed by Bruce Henderson for Boston Consulting Group in 1970 for assessing the long-term viability or positiveness of products and market sectors.Categories include cash cows, dogs, stars, problem child or a question mark companies. 1 Problem Child/Question ma rkWhen a new product is launched in a promising market but it has a low market share but got potential to be a sentience then a Cash cow or if everything fails it could become a Dog. In Nokias case its latest product from N-series Smartphone N96 is struggling to overprotect the market share like its predecessor N95 Smartphone. Cash Cow When a certain products market matures and its demand slows but it has a large market share is known as Cash Cow.Nokia has many products that reached their maturity and died away in recent days its high end Smartphone N95 reached its market demand and is soft dying away because new technology is introduced every day. confidential informationIts a new product when launched has a high market response and its sales rise. Companies like Nokia are in a search of new products which can be whileed into stars and they invest money in Problem Child and Dogs to turn them in to a Star and then hope to turn them in to Cash Cow. DogA Dog is a product new or old market shares and sales decline very fast.In mobile industry technology changes very drastically so even a Star with bad strategy and marketing can be turned in to a Dog just as easy Strategic Management of Nokia aggregate competencies are activities and process performed by a company to keep ahead of the market and its competitors. Business professors Bateman and Snell offer this answer Simply stated, core competence is something a company does especially well relative to its competitors. 4 Competencies of a company are things that are hard to imitate like customer loyalty etc. These amount Competencies change from time to time.In todays market where every company is in a lose Nokia is thinking of new ways to get an edge on its competitors by introducing new services and products that are harder to imitate and trying to give most for consumers money. SWOT Analysis Strengths 1. Nokia has largest network of distribution and sell as compared to other mobile phone company in the world. 2. The financial aspect is very strong in case of Nokia as it has many more profitable businesses. 3. The product being user friendly and have all the accessories one want. 4. Nokia with wide range of products for all classes. . The re-sell value of Nokia phones are high compared to other companys product. Weakness 1. Some of the products are not user friendly.2. Some of the weakness includes the price of the product offered by the company. 3. Nokia does not like to lead change very quickly. 4. The service canters in third world countries are very few. Opportunity 1. Nokia is also thinking of moving from mobile manufacture to in the flesh(predicate) computer manufacture. 2. As the standard of living in third world countries has increased the purchasing power of the people has increased as well 3. Nokia has to posterior right customer at right time to gain the most out of the situation. Threats 1. The threats like emerging of other mobile companies in the market. 2. The ne w mobile operating systems from Google and Microsoft. 3. The biggest threat is not adopting new technology and putting in good use. 9 Conclusion After writing this article I came to a conclusion that in any business successful or a newly established if not managed well and cannot take advantage of its opportunities can come to its knees. So for a business to run successfully have to manage its Competitors and threats that may affect the performance of a business.

Reflections of the Communist Manifesto and the Social Movement Essay

For publicy, these ideals include national and loving institutions, which make up the essence of their govern custodyt all(a)owing its citizens to identify with the status quo and primary(prenominal)tain balance in their nightclub. The question is not which institutions should be valued for most would agree that a proper balance of these make up all govern workforcet the main question lies in which institutions a friendship should value in stage to achieve their goal, thus separating the trail of thought pertaining to conservative and liberal thinkers.The simple and straightforward institution of a hierarchy comes into play when discussing the ideas of much(prenominal) thinkers. Maintaining a proper govern custodyt is a delicate and complicated skill app arntly acquired by the educated, keen-witted men set out to implement it. Said skills require a deep knowledge of gay nature and of the intimacys which facilitate or obstruct the various ends which ar to be pursued by the utensil of civil institutions and is the civic duty of solo certain members of society.If the governing body belonged to the State and was the sole stead be to all individual within that State, there would never be a balance, for not every man openhearted is entitled nor has the necessary knowledge to carry out the needs of the State. In new(prenominal) words, not every man in society may acquire these skills in the same way of life considering roughly men impart be pictorially better and faster than others. Specializations do and essential(prenominal) exist in society, some belonging to politicians and persons of State, others to farmers and shopkeepers, and others to scholars and true professionals.It is nonsensical to assume that one would resort to a professor of metaphysics with attachments to food or medicine as opposed to a farmer or a physician1. Karl Marx rightfully entertained the idea, however, that the middle category eliminated industries and ins titutions (and will continue to do so), laid out by history hundreds of years before, and in doing so created an unstable and fragile ground for the birth of new institutions which would inevitably meet their doom under the break of the ever changing bourgeoisie revolution.In this attentiveness, we should commend Marx, for his insight in the matter justifies the idea that the bourgeoisie revolution was performed rashly and unknowledgeablely with complete disregard for the citizens (other than those pertaining to their own group) that would be affected. All the fixed, fast-frozen relations, with their train of antediluvian and venerable prejudices and opinions be swept away, all new-formed ones become antiquated before they can ossify and wherefore will never maintain what is necessary to carry out a proper, balanced government.These barbaric groups of individuals only take into account their personal gain they always seek and will seek the best way to take advantage of their political power. We must acknowledge that, as opposed to the godless society that socialist economy proposes under what seems like an imaginative state of mind, the bourgeoisie tranquillize maintain the stratification system that any society would be lost without. However, this system means very little without the hard-earned and well established institutions which lasted centuries, sunny millions and most importantly survived the test of time when even the massiveest of men could not.With said institutions displaced, there are none to replace them for no simple disposition or direction of power can be suitable either to mans nature, or to the quality of his affairs which makes the bourgeoisie unprepared and simply unfit to compose a brand new government to fill the hole left in current society. Marx justly shames the bourgeois State for not only eradicating long stand institutions. And I imagine that in shaming them, for our institutions can never be embodied so as to create in us love, veneration, admiration, or attachment. And that sort of reason which banishes the ffections is incapable of filling their place3. To think that a group of selfish, barbaric, rash individuals can enhance a government that was built on devotion and respect is a false assumption of all that is reasonable. Granted, Karl Marx would do away with all forms of stratification, but he still recognizes one of the greatest faults in the current regime the bourgeoisie has reduced the family relation to a stainless money relation. It has converted our most sacred institution into a power- and production-gaining scheme where arrogance is advance and love for our country blatantly dejected.Marx firmly believed that the entirety of the working class was to unite and create a communal system in which every man is entitled the fruits of other mens labor movement and vice-versa. This view includes the idea that all property is communal and that man has no country, meaning all major asp ects of current economy should belong to the State. Hard working men take on their duty for all of society to benefit and no one particular man would be deemed to work better, faster, or for a higher(prenominal) wage than another man, in any form (through wages, property or social status).Simple measures must be implemented in order to win the battle of democracy which include, among others, the removal of all clandestine property and the annexation of all rents of land to the State, the abolition of all rights of inheritance and the centralization of the State, where all assets pertaining to individuals are to turnover to the government. Thus, property is the least of concerns for the citizen, allowing him to concentrate on providing for the State and continuing the honorable days work with shoulders free of the burden of property.Once this is achieved, the opportunity for one class to gain influence or to oppress another, is abolished and with it the concept of political power and class distinction. Such is the view of the communist thinker a delusional and imagined society where all that is needed for its success is the simple division of all property and the hike of camaraderie between all working men. But a decent, well educated thinker would comfortably disprove this idiotic belief. Property is one of the best traditional institutions.It allows for diversity in classes where by nature, no one can or should be equal. One cannot deny that a mans natural rights exist in total independence of government and therefore there is no need for its prophylactic device in the most sacred of rights private property. This distinction, granted from birth is, in the views of a sane mind, uncomplete unnatural, nor unjust, nor impolitic7. In simpler words, the right to private property provides, for the stabilization of the State as a whole, certification for those entitled to family wealth.The family, one of the strongest and most important traditional institutio ns in present-day society, depends on the power of perpetuating property for it is one of the most valuable and interesting circumstances belonging to it, and that which tends the most to the perpetuation of society itself7. Without the appropriation of property to the rightful group, the institution composed of family and its values is dissolved. Any paradigm advocating the abolition of property and the removal of family values cannot act as the basis for a successful government.There must be a deprivation of the power to subdue the labor of others through the unequal distribution of products, they say, but let the queen-size proprietors bethe ballast in the vessel of the commonwealth to allow for balance in society so men can understand the value of their work and the importance of their family. Revolutionaries of any breed, the bourgeois or the socialists, must learn that stomping their feet in protest will except cause them pain against the cold, stone ground.That is to say, o nly a well educated, pious, well mannered people should and must control a government to guide and hold dear the ignorant minds of its subjects for even in the mass and organic structure as well as in the individuals, the inclinations of men should frequently be thwarted, their will controlled, and their passions brought into subjection9. We simply cannot allow a group of nescient, irrational men to control a government meant for an elite, highly educated and well mannered society.For this very reason, not only is the bourgeoisie unfit to rule society but also the socialist party must be prevented from assuming any sort of political influence on the State. The current state of affairs is an let the cat out of the bag disgrace where inferior, mechanical and unlearned men have the fate their peers in their hands. If Marxs socialists were to have their way, society will meet its doom much faster and under more shame than if any other form of barbaric, rashly driven group were in its place.The pride and essence of any government or institution relies on a well established, patient and fitting group of individuals for it is this substance and mass of the body which constitutes its character, and must finally determine its direction10. Marxs socialists are merely workers, petty wage-laborers that rely on a weeks work for a days subsistence the very same people that cloud the streets in filth, spread disease and would barely be able to make out the advertize of a newspaper.To even slightly entertain the idea that such a group is equal or shares the same sensibilities and needs that accompany a respectable and cultivationd man throughout his day, is preposterous. And to venture further into saying that the work of every man, regardless of merit or education or natural social status, shall be uniformly divided amongst every participant and no one man shall acquire more or less than the man next to him, is an even more appalling idea than the latter.To substitut e an ignorant bourgeois regime, we shall have an association, in which the free development of each is the condition for free development of all and where the stratification of class shall be abolished. Is this really the rational conclusion men have come to? boast we no faith or hope for the progress and rightful place of the well respected man in society? That in order for our world to succeed, we must work for the benefit of godless men who have no filial or patriotic attachment to any substance of value and who regard proper morals as a form of subjection?This so called proletariat class of untaught or semiskilled workers will shortly meet its demise for even throughout the leadership of the great royal family, one could easily identify the greed and avarice in the eyes of the lower class and surely a concentrated group of these people with a shameless lack of education and culture will stray into the hands of said petty feelings once more if only given the opportunity.We cann ot reach and put forth our most sacred ideals and morals in the hands of those who know not what they are or what to do with them. Simply put, by having a right to every thing, they will want every thing and thus we can expect they will take from those who respectfully and naturally obtained their fortune, both material and otherwise. The irrational concept of socialism and the so called solution to the bourgeois problem is clearly and undoubtedly the offspring of uneducated and cold hearted thought.We cannot expect for such decisions to comply with the proper and just ideas behind a successful government and we certainly cannot accept those who wish to implement it under the pretence that we are all equal and should deform for a communal society. Class stratification maintains the balance and social order of the strongest of governments and institutions and should never be compromised to fulfill the greedy wants and arrogant needs of the uneducated, unfit and socially incompetent lower class. We must keep in mind that these people have no regard for our values, morals, property, attachments, or ideals.They want to take our land and our possessions, in the process destroying the essence of each of our families and the great institutions which they represent, and divide it equally amongst those of lower rank in order to claim, dominate and revoke the traditions which so peacefully maintained social order throughout history. These godless, soulless beings merely want to abolish all that our ancestors spent centuries to build and replace it with the irrational concept of socialism which will inevitably collapse and leave no trace or strand of hope for those of us be faithful to the suitable and just form of social standards.Burke would agree that the bourgeoisie destroys long standing institutions. All fixed, fast-frozen relations, with their train of ancient and venerable prejudices and opinions are swept away, all new-formed ones become antiquated before the y can ossify (manifesto pg 6) And yet disagree with Marxs theory on how to solve this The question is what kind of institutions we ought to value, and it is in this field that conservative thinkers stake out positions that separate them from liberals and libertarians alike.